4️⃣ IP addresses V4
The fourth version of the Internet Protocol (IP)
IP v4 addresses use the format xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
Four sets of three digits ranging between 0-255 separated by a full stop. The number 0 and 255 are not usually used for IP addresses.
Each set of digits is called an octet
Typically, addresses appear as:
192.168.1.1 - IP Address
255.255.255.0 - Subnet Mask
Part of the IP address relates to a network address and part to a node address. (Submet mask)
IP Address Classes
The first octet of an IP address specifies which class an address belongs to.
For each class of addresses a default subnet mask exists.
APIPA
Automatic Private IP Addressing
A feature available in Windows that caters for DHCP issues. If there are problems with the DHCP server and an IP Address cannot be obtained dynamically then a special class B address in the range of 169.254.*.* will be issued that given limited network functionality.